Fig. 3
From: Pathophysiological functions of semaphorins in the sympathetic nervous system
Semaphorin signaling in SNS-mediated BAT functions. A Brown adipocytes generate non-shivering thermogenesis via the UCP1 uncoupling system, which can use the electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane to generate heat instead of adenosine triphosphate. B Semaphorin signaling modulates BAT activity via SNS. PLXNA4-expressing macrophages inhibit axonal outgrowth of SEMA6A-expressing sympathetic nerves. Cold exposure suppresses SEMA3A production, possibly affecting axon repulsion. SEMA4B protects against excessive lipolysis mediated by β3-adrenergic signaling. This image was created with BioRender (https://biorender.com/)