Fig. 3
From: Clinical application of injectable growth factor for bone regeneration: a systematic review
Schematic representation of FGF-FGFR signaling pathways and mechanisms in osteogenesis. The regulation of osteogenesis by FGF and FGFR. FGF/FGFR signaling is an important regulator of osteoblastogenesis, and that control osteoblast replication and differentiation. Activation of FGF and FGFR triggers the activation of ERK1/2 MAPK, PLCγ/PKC, and Akt activity which upregulate osteoblast gene expression and osteogenesis. Abbreviations: FGF, fibroblast growth factor; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptors