Fig. 1

Pattern-recognition receptors in innate immune cells. PRRs include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs), and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) that recognize various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to initiate immune responses. These receptors are also called innate immune receptors. Gain-of-function mutations of the innate immune receptors or loss-of-function mutations of their inhibitors are related to autoinflammatory diseases. Red characters indicate DAMPs and PAMPs. Red characters indicate classified autoinflammatory diseases