Fig. 4

Comparable transcriptome profiles between hiMGL and human primary microglia. A Principal component analysis (PCA) of PU-hiMGLs (PU-iMGL, deep pink), CK-hiMGLs (CK-iMGL, chartreuse), human fetal microglia (fetal microglia, chocolate), human adult microglia (adult microglia, gold), human microglia-like cells derived from hiPSCs reported by previous paper (AH1 iMGL, forest green), CD14+/CD16− monocytes (CD14 monocytes, maroon), and CD14−/CD16+ monocytes (CD16 monocytes, deep skyblue) (n = 20,651 genes). PCA analysis demonstrated that both hiMGLs derived through the PU and CK protocol were close to human microglia, not to monocytes or macrophages. B Hierarchical clustering demonstrated that hiMGLs harvested through both PU and CK protocols were grouped with human microglia cells, instead of monocytes or macrophages. C Heatmap and biclustering on 100 genes (FDR < 0.05) most highly expressed by hiMGLs, human microglia, and monocytes. D Heatmap of the 20 genes most highly expressed in hiMGLs by the PU or CK protocol. E Heatmap of 20 genes selected as representatives of genes exclusively expressed by human microglia. Microglia-specific markers (P2RY12, CX3CR1) seem to be expressed higher in the PU protocol, while genes linked to inflammatory responses (IL1a, IL1b, MERTK) were highly expressed in iMGLs derived by the CK protocol