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Table 1 Summary of bacteriotherapy using live bacterial strains for skin diseases

From: Controlling skin microbiome as a new bacteriotherapy for inflammatory skin diseases

Reference

Experimental model

Target disease

Applied bacteria

Results

Myles et al. [133]

Human

AD

Roseomonas mucosa

Topical R. mucosa showed therapeutic activity against AD in adults and children without adverse events or treatment complications.

(Decreases in disease severity, topical steroid requirement, and S. aureus burden)

Myles et al. [141]

Murine

Human

AD

Roseomonas mucosa

R. mucosa application ameliorated disease severity of AD in children without severe adverse events.

(Decreased disease severity, reduced S. aureus burden on the skin, and a reduction in topical steroid requirements, improvement in epithelial barrier function)

Nakatsuji et al. [78]

Murine

Human

AD

Autologous bacterial transplant

(Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis)

Reintroduction with antimicrobial strains of S. epidermidis or S. hominis decreased colonization density of S. aureus in AD patients

Williams et al. [139]

Murine

AD

Staphylococcus hominis

S. hominis inhibited S. aureus toxin production by quorum sensing and prevented S. aureus-mediated skin inflammation

Ito et al. [51]

Murine

AD

Staphylococcus cohnii

Colonization of S. cohnii ameliorated both AD-like dermatitis and psoriasis-like skin inflammation

Nakatsuji et al. [140]

Murine

Human

AD

Staphylococcus hominis

Typical S. hominis A9 showed fewer adverse events and decreased S. aureus colonization in AD patients.

(S. hominis A9 did not significantly improve disease severity but inhibited expression of toxin from S. aureus)

Nakatsuji et al. [142]

Human

AD

Allogeneic bacterial transplant

(CoNS strains with antimicrobial activity)

Application of CoNS reduced S. aureus burden on lesional skin of AD patients without serious adverse events.

(Decreased S. aureus burden, improved local disease severity score)

Karoglan et al. [143]

Human

Acne

Cutibacterium acnes from healthy individuals

Applied C. acnes reduced non-inflamed lesions (open and closed comedones) and skin pH without untoward adverse events

Lebeer et al. [144]

Human

Acne

Lactobacilli strains

Application of Lactobacilli strains reduced inflammatory lesions of acne.

(Reduced relative abundance of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes)

Nakatsuji et al. [86]

Murine

Skin tumor

Staphylococcus epidermidis

S. epidermidis strain producing 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (6-HAP) reduced the incidence of ultraviolet-induced tumors

  1. AD, atopic dermatitis; CoNS, coagulase-negative Staphylococci