Fig. 2

ScRNA-seq analysis of immune cells in the brain and increased neutrophils with acute colitis. A Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) visualization of scRNA-seq data of all samples. The immune cells in the brain were isolated by cell sorter and scRNA-seq analysis was performed. B Dot plots for selected differential expressed genes (DEG) and cell-type specific markers for the indicated clusters. C UMAP of control WT and App^NL-G-F mice. (WT, n = 4; App^NL-G-F, n = 4) D Bar plot of percentage of myeloid cells, T cells, ILCs, B cells, in all immune cells in the brain. P value (control myeloid vs acute myeloid) was determined by Chi-square test. E UMAP of App^NL-G-F mice under different treatments. F Bar plot of indicated cells as percentage of myeloid cells in the brain. P value (control neutrophil vs acute neutrophil) was determined by Chi-square test. (D-F; App^NL-G-F Control, n= 4; Acute colitis, n = 4; Chronic colitis, n = 2; Allergy; n = 4). G Immunohistochemical staining of S100a8 (neutrophils) and Aβ plaque. Scale bar = 500 μm. White arrows indicated neutrophils. H The number of S100A8⁺ cells in the cerebral section. Data from single experiment (A-F). Representative images of three independent experiments (G, H). P values were determined by chi-square test (G), or two-tailed Mann-Whitney U-test (H). Data are shown as the mean ± s.e.m