Table 1 Classification of EVs

Size

30–150 nm

0.1–1 μm

1–5 μm

Small EVs/sEVs (< 200 nm diameter)

Large EVs/lEVs (> 200 nm diameter)

Density

1.13–1.19 g/ml

Not well defined

1.16–1.28 g/ml

Low-density EVs (1.1 to 1.2 g/mL)

Medium-density EVs (1.16 g/mL)

High-density EVs (1.24–1.28 g/mL)

Morphology

Cup shaped

Heterogeneous

Heterogeneous

Origin

Endosomal

Plasma Membrane

Apoptotic cell

Composition

Lipids, proteins, miRNA, mRNA

Lipids, proteins, miRNA, mRNA

Lipids, proteins, DNA, miRNA, mRNA

CD63+ stained EVs

CD81+ stained EVs

Annexin V stained EVs

Lipids

Cholesterol, ceramide, low phosphatidyl serine exposure, Lyobisphosphatidic acid, Sphingomyelin,

Cholesterol, high phosphatidyl serine exposure

High phosphatidyl serine exposure

Proteins

CD9, CD63, CD81, Annexins, HSPs, Alix, TSG 101, Clathrin, Caveolin, Integrins

CD40, selectins, integrins, flotillins, metalloproteinases

Histones, C3b, thrombospondins

Cells of origin/biogenesis conditions

Hypoxic EVs

Podocyte EVs

Apoptotic bodies

Large oncosomes

References

[15,16,17,18,19]

[16, 18, 20, 21]

[10, 22, 23]

[24,25,26,27]