The Ragulator complex: delving its multifunctional impact on metabolism and beyond

Table 1 Summary of various functions of the Ragulator complex

Function	Regulation (target)	Mechanism (elucidated effector)	Ref
Inflammatory regulation	M1/M2 polarization	LXR, TLR2	[62,63,64]
	Inflammatory cytokine	TFEB, TLR4	[65, 66]
	Type 1 IFN	DDX19-TBK1-IKKε complex (interaction)	[67]
	Inflammasome activation	NLRP3 and HDAC6 (interaction)	[68]
Immune cell homeostasis	Treg	SREBP	[69]
	B cell	(NA)	[70, 71]
	Langerhans cells	TGFβ receptor II	[72, 73]
Anti-tumor immunity	Antigen presentation	MHC-II	[74]
Bacterial clearance	Endo-lysosomal system	(NA)	[75,76,77]
Cell death	Pyroptosis	RIPK1 (interaction), ROS production	[78, 79]
Cell death	Apoptosis	ROS production	[80]
Cell migration		MPRIP (interaction)	[18, 81, 82]
CNS homeostasis	Synaptic plasticity	TRPML1 (interaction)	[83, 84]

The functions of the Ragulator complex with mechanisms to target the regulation. This list does not describe all the functions and mechanisms involving direct mTORC1 regulation. The included functions are selected as representative examples based on reports, and there may be overlaps between them (NA not applicable)

ISSN: 1880-8190