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The intestine is rich in food-derived and microbe-derived antigens. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an essential T-cell population that prevents systemic autoimmune diseases and inhibits inflammation by encount...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with immune dysfunction. UBASH3A as a negative regulator of T cell receptors (TCRs) signaling is a susceptible factor in RA. The aim of this study was to determine the r...
The Correction to this article has been published in Inflammation and Regeneration 2022 42:57
Due to increased resistance to standard chemo/radiotherapies and relapse, highly tumorigenic cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed as a promising target for the development of effective cancer treatments...
The microenvironment of the thymus is composed of a group of stromal cells that include endoderm-derived thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and mesenchymal stromal cells such as fibroblasts and serves as a site fo...
The intestinal microbiome is dominated by bacteria and plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of disease, including several metabolic and autoimmune disorders. While intestinal viral communitie...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. To date, there is no effective therapy for it. Our study aimed to determine the potential role of platel...
Cellular metabolisms produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are essential for cellular signaling pathways and physiological functions. Nevertheless, ROS act as “double-edged swords” that have an unstable ...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases and the most common form of dementia. Characterized by the loss of learning, memory, problem-solving, language, and other thinking abilit...
Rapidly expanding clones (RECs) are one of the single-cell-derived mesenchymal stem cell clones sorted from human bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs), which possess advantageous features. The RECs exhibit lo...
Inflammatory response is an important characteristic affecting prognosis and therapeutic response in lower-grade glioma (LGG). However, the molecular subtypes based on inflammatory response are still under exp...
Fibrotic scar formation and inflammation are characteristic pathologies of spinal cord injury (SCI) in the injured core, which has been widely regarded as the main barrier to axonal regeneration resulting in p...
Highly regulated gene expression program underlies osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but the regulators in the program are not entirely identified. As enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) have recently emerged a...
Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach chronically. Colonization of HP in the gastric mucosa not only causes gastrointestinal diseases, but also is associated with ...
During metastasis, cancer cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which is abundant in the tumor microenvironment, and acquire invasive and me...
T cells are a group of lymphocytes that play a central role in the immune system, notably, eliminating pathogens and attacking cancer while being tolerant of the self. Elucidating how immune tolerance is ensur...
Osteoclasts, the only cells that can resorb bone, play a central role in bone homeostasis as well as bone damage under pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, arthritis, periodontitis, and bone metastasi...
The skin serves as the interface between the human body and the environment and interacts with the microbial community. The skin microbiota consists of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, mites, and virus...
NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microglial autophagic degradation not only decreases the deposits of extrace...
Accumulating evidence indicates a key role of Sertoli cell (SC) malfunction in spermatogenesis impairment induced by obesity. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP...
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease that occurs due to increased fibrosis of lung tissue in response to chronic injury of the epithelium. Therapeutic options for IPF remain limite...
Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer-related death. In 1889, Stephen Paget originally proposed the theory “seed-and-soil.” Both cancer cell-intrinsic properties (“seed”) and fertile microenvironment ...
Among the different etiologies for fever of unknown origin in children, infectious diseases are the most frequent final diagnosis, followed by autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Autoinflammatory diseases ar...
Microglia are innate immune cells that are the only residential macrophages in the central nervous system. They play vital physiological roles in the adult brain and during development. Microglia are particula...
Increasing attention has been paid to marine-derived biomolecules as sources of therapeutics for autoimmune diseases. Nagasaki Prefecture has many islands and is surrounded by seas, straits, gulfs, bays, and c...
Osteoclasts are myeloid lineage cells with a unique bone-destroying ability that maintains bone homeostasis together with bone formation by osteoblasts. An advanced intravital imaging system using a two-photon...
The duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA positivity will be important to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A systematic review and meta-analysis...
Neuropathic pain is often chronic and can persist after overt tissue damage heals, suggesting that its underlying mechanism involves the alteration of neuronal function. Such an alteration can be a direct cons...
The superficial zone of articular cartilage contributes to smooth joint motion through the production of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), also known as lubricin. Recent studies indicate novel effects of PRG4 as a signal...
Chronic inflammation is currently considered as a molecular basis of metabolic syndrome. Particularly, obesity-induced inflammation in adipose tissue is the origin of chronic inflammation of metabolic syndrome...
Age-driven immune signals cause a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and in consequence affect bone healing and cause challenges for clinicians when repairing critical-sized bone defects in elderly patients.
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that can be induced by a variety of potentially oncogenic stimuli, including DNA damage. Hence, senescence has long been considered to suppress ...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disorder that damages various organ systems, is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although germline mutations of several genes are ...
Glial cells play crucial roles in brain homeostasis and pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) injuries and diseases. However, the roles of these cells and the molecular mechanisms toward regeneration in...
The expression of FZD5 distinguishes immature human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) in cultures, and the function of FZD5 is crucial for maintaining the proliferation and multilineage differentiation capacit...
Endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a cellular differentiation process in which endothelial cells (ECs) lose their properties and differentiate into mesenchymal cells, has been observed not only durin...
Off-the-shelf major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched iPS cells (iPSC) can potentially initiate host immune responses because of the existence of numerous minor antigens. To suppress allo-immune respons...
ONO-1301 is a novel long-lasting prostaglandin (PG) I2 mimetic with inhibitory activity on thromboxane (TX) A2 synthase. This drug can also induce endogenous prostaglandin (PG)I2 and PGE2 levels. Furthermore, ONO...
Within the extensively developed therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), allogenic immunomodulatory therapy is among the promising categories. Although donor selection is a critical early pro...
The global prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, is rapidly increasing and has now reached epidemic proportions. Chronic tissue inflammation is a characteristic of t...
Studies analyzing heterochronic parabiosis mice models showed that molecules in the blood of young mice rejuvenate aged mice. Therefore, blood-based therapies have become one of the therapeutic approaches to b...
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is a key enzyme that acts downstream of cyclooxygenase and plays a major role in inflammation by converting prostaglandin (PG) H2 to PGE2. The present study investi...
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine involved in cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and tissue homeostasis. Although TGF-β signaling is essential for maintaining blood vessel...
Neuropathic pain in neuroimmunological disorders refers to pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). MS ...
The naked mole-rat (NMR) is the longest-lived rodent with a maximum lifespan of more than 37 years and shows a negligible senescence phenotype, suggesting that tissue stem cells of NMRs are highly capable of m...
The long battle between humans and various physical, chemical, and biological insults that cause cell injury (e.g., products of tissue damage, metabolites, and/or infections) have led to the evolution of vario...
Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies in mouse and human have clearly indicated that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) consist of multiple cell subsets, each expressing a unique set of genes, residing in ...
Autophagy is a highly conserved mechanism of delivering cytoplasmic components for lysosomal degradation. Among the three major autophagic pathways, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is primarily characterize...
The official journal of the Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration.
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