Fig. 1
From: Extracellular vesicles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: pathogenesis and therapeutics
Extracellular vesicles in IPF: pathogenesis and therapeutics. In IPF lungs, pathogenic EVs mainly derived from lung fibroblasts can induce disease progression through their component cargoes, such as WNT5A, fibronectin, syndecan-1, or miRNAs. In contrast to this, therapeutic EVs derived from MSCs, endometrial stem cells, bronchial epithelial cells, or lung spheroids can inhibit myofibroblast differentiation and induce the degradation of extracellular matrix via shuttling of miRNAs