Fig. 3
From: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells and their surrounding environment
Regulation of ILC2s by nervous system. Sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons regulate the function of ILC2 by various neurotransmitters. Inhaled allergen or food intake stimulates sensory neurons to produce VIP in the lung and intestine respectively. VIP induces IL-5 production by ILC2s, which in turn enhances VIP production. During helminth infection, NE from sympathetic neurons inhibit cell proliferations and cytokine production in both intestine and lung ILC2s. NMU from parasympathetic neuron enhances the proliferation and cytokine secretion by ILC2s, while CGRP suppress the proliferation and IL-13 production from ILC2s